Carburetor



' Jan. l16, 1934.

E. F. CIGLIA El' AL CARBURETOR Filed Hay 7, .1951 2 Sheets-Sheet l Patented Jan. 16, 193d PATENT FFi 1,943,812 cannns'ron Ernest F. Cglia.,

Scarsdalc,

and Louis F.

it claims.

The proportion of gasoline delivered to the l@ moving air is at a maximum during one part oi a stroke, or at the commencement thereof, while at an increased rate of speed, or at another part of the strolre, when it is desirable to provide a different or lean mixture, the amount ot gasoline delivered is reduced, this being to secure another object oi the invention. l

Since the structure includesa spray head, in which is a passage tor accoodating fuel movement, a further object is to provide a restricted passage in the spray head to cooperate with a movable hollow tubular needle or jet valve structure, which is a feature of the invention.`

The needle is provided with outlets or delivery openings, and a still further object of the invention is to move these openings relative to the restricted passage of the head, so as to cause the said variation oi delivery during different parts ot a single piston stroke of the engine.

Furthermore, the device includes a venturi which, carryingl the said needle structure, is so formed as to be movable, responsive to a downdratt in the carburetor, there being a contracted or air deflecting surface on the venturi, vvhile the spray head is expanded at the line oi the said surface.

For priming the carburetor, to assure a supicient delivery of motive duid to the carburetor for starting purposes, a still further object is to utilize the existing throttle lever of an engine.

As shall hereinafter appear this primingr mechanism includes compact and novel features, which are incorporated in the casing ot the carburetor. 'With the above indicated objects in vievv, the 45. invention, in the embodiment thereof at present preferred, resides in a novel construction which, including certain combinations and arrangements of parts, is herein clearly described, and fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a plan vievv of our improved carburetor. y

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section talren on the line 2-2 of Fig. l, but showing some parts in elevation.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section talten on the line 3-3 of Fig. l.

Fig. fl is a fragmentary detail view.

Fig. 5 is 'a horizontal section taken on the line 5;-5 of Fig. 3.l

Fig. 6 is a' fragmentary diagraatic View; and

Fig. I shows a modication of structure.

Similar numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout thev several views.

Attachable to an engine by a base :dange lll, in which are apertures il, the carburetor includes, in connection with a easing section 12,

a section 13 which, in the present instance, is open at the top. In a supply chamber of the 'Z0I section l2, with which is connected a ieed line 15, gasoline is maintained, below a cover plate 16, at a predetermined level L, by a iloat ll, said loat being carried on an arm ldwhich is pivoted at 19, on a support 20, for controlling a needle valve 2l.

Slidably mounted in the casing 13 is a venturi 22 which, having opposite flanges 23, 2e, is provided with an inwardly projecting central portion, which includes a top surface 25. Adjustably carried in rigid relation with the venturi is a hollow tubular needle 26 of a valve device.

This needle is closed at the top end 27 and is provided with apertures or outlets 28, any number of which may be installed. A screw lli) adjustably holds the needle in a cap 3l, and the latter is provided with like arms 32, which are metallically rigid with the flange 23.

A relatively fixed valve structure includes a body 33, which is spaced from the casing by arms 34, 35. In another arm 36, an adjustable threaded connection 37 holds the said structure or body rigid with the casing. The member 37 has therein a number of radial apertures 33, which corninunicate with a central bore or duct 39, and as this duct connects with a duct ll0 in the body 33, gasoline moving from the float chamber finds a path to a chamber 41 of said body. A threaded plug l2 terms the base wall of the last mentioned chamber.

The body 33 carries a head and aligned with the radially disposed upwardly inclined ducts i4 in this head are 'registering duct sections, as shown', in said body. These ducts communicate u with a passage 45, in which the needle 26 is mov- 105 able, and the head is recessed to receive the one end of a coil spring 46. The other end of this spring iin'ds a seat cn the cap El.

The wall of the venturi 22 has fixed thereto a strip 4,7, in which is a slot 48. In the casing 13 110 is a valve control pin or screw 49, and as the shank of the vscrew is disposed in said slot sliding movement of the venturi is accordingly limited.

As seen in Fig. 2, the shortest diametral line 50 oi the venturi is disposed at the line of the outer f terminals of the ducts 44, thereby causing a minimum space between said terminals and line, this being because of the action of the spring. Inwardly moving air, during the suction strokes of the pistons of the engine, strikes the surface and moves the latter downwardly to the position shown in Fig. 3. This also moves the needle 26S.

The strength of the spring 46 may be arranged to suit requirement. During a 'certain predetermined initial suction force through the casing 13 the venturi may remain in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 4, to cause the feeding of a large quantity of fuel to increase the richness of the mixture. With the parts as in Fig. 2 and the liquid level as indicated in Fig. 3, the venturi causes greatest suction substantially at the oriilces 44; but there is substantially no Venturi action or lowering of air pressure at the exposed upper aperture 28. Accordingly the air pressure at the exposed aperture 28 is much greater than the pressure at ducts 44, and air will iiow into the exposed upper aperture 28 and from the lower and intermediate apertures 28 and from the bottom of the tube, thereby aerating and lightening the liquid in the passage 45, thus raising the liquid therein to the level L (Fig. 2) above the ducts 44, thereby to force a greater outflow of fuel from the ducts for enriching the mixture at the venturi, thereby lowering the level of the mixture in the passage 44 so that the further outflow `will be limited by the inflow at the small duct 40 and l will therefore not be so great after normal running is attained.' The passage 45 acts as a reservoir or well and holds enough fuel to furnish a rich mixture for starting as above explained. But after the initial greater outflow of fuel, the further feeding is limited to the `smaller amount which can be furnished through the very small orifice 40, which is enough for normal running.

But when the suction is increased to. draw the venturi downwardly, then the top aperture 28 is disposed in the closely fitting bore or passage of the head, or its crown 51'. to render the mixture lean at the desired time. 'I'he positions of the terminals of the ducts 44 cause a very thorough mixing of the sprayed gasoline with the moving air.

Fig. 7 shows a modification of structure in which;

a hollow tubular needle 26' is movable in a body 33'. In this case the needle, which is disposed in a passage 45', is provided with a terminal 53, having a neck 54, which is movable downwardly for admitting an increased amount of gasoline through the base opening of the body. The head 43' is here provided with ducts 44', which communicate with said passage 45'.

In order to prime the carburetor. or to cause an increased delivery of motive iiuidln the casing 13 for starting purposes, there is provided in the casing structure or body portion 56 a plunger 57, there being a chamber 58 in said casing. The

material 56 has therein bores 59, 60, 61, which are closed by threaded plugs orscrews 62. 63, 64: and while the .chamber 58 connects with the float chamber through ducts 65. 66 and 67, which communicate with the bores 59 and 60, said chamber also connects with the interior of the casing 13 by a duct 68 and a conduit 69, this latter connection being through the bores and 6l,

The base of each stitutes a one way valve, as lseen at 70 and 7l..

Disposed `in the oat chamber is one end '72 oi a conduit 73, the other end of which, secured at 74, communicates with the interior of the casing 13, at the butterfly valve 7 5, by a pair of ducts 76, as seen in Fig. 2. On the rod or shaft 77 of the valve is an operating arm '78 and since this arm is operatively connected with the usual throttle control lever, not shown, said arm is also effective to operate the plunger 57, there being a connecting link 78 between said arm and a lever E30, which cooperates with the throttle lever. The lever 80 is terminally positioned in a rod 81 of the plunger 57.

As the hereinbefore described construction admits of considerable modification, Without departing from the invention, the particular arrangements shown should be taken as illustrative, and not in a limiting sense. Therefore, the scope of the protection contemplated is to be taken solely from the appended claims, interpreted as broadly as is consistent with the prior art.

What we claim is:

l. In combination, a down-draft casing: a body disposed therein provided with a nozzle head, a passage below the head, and nozzle ducts extending Afrom said passage substantially laterally from the head; a fuel supply for said passage; a tubular member in said head extending a distance into said passage and opening into the passage and above the head; and a yieldable raised venturi having its smallest inner diameter disposed, at its upper limit of movement, substantially around the nozzle ducts.

2. In combination, a down-draft casing; a body disposed therein provided with a nozzle head, a passage below the head, and nozzle ducts extending from said passage and laterally from the head; a fuel supply for said passage: a yieldably raised venturi having its small inner diameter disposed. at the upper limit of movement, substantially at the level of the nozzle ducts; and means cooperating with initial down-draft of airl when the venturi is at said level to cause air to pass downwardly into the passage and force fuel and air therefrom, thereby to raise the fuel of the bores 59 and 61 conlevel above said discharge ends, and discharge fuel and air mixture into the venturi.

3. In combination, a down-draft casing; a body therein provided with a nozzle head, a passage below the head, and nozzle ducts extending from said passage laterally from the head substantially at its widest part; a fuel supiy for said passage: a tubular member in said head extending a distance into said passage and opening into the passage yieldably raised venturi having its smallest inner diameter disposed,v at the upper limit of movement, substantially around the nozzle ducts.

4. In combination, a casing having inlet and discharge ends; a body disposed thereinprovided with a nozzle head tapered toward the discharge end, a passage extending from the head toward the discharge end, and nozzle ducts extending from said passage out substantially at the periphery of the head; a fuel supply for said passagei a tubular member in said head extending a distance into said passage and opening in the passage and between said head and said inlet end; a venturi yieldably pressed toward said inlet end and having free sliding llt in said casing and having its smallest inner diameter disposed,

and above the head; and a when free'of suction, substantially at the nozzle ducts.

.'i. In combination, a down-draft casing; a body disposed therein provided witha downwardly tapered nozzle head, a passage below the head, and nozzle ducts extending from said passage out substantially at the widest part of the head; means normally maintaining a fuel supply in said passage just below the level of the discharge end of the nozzle ducts; a tubular member in said head tending a distance into said passage and opening in the passage and above said head; a yieldably raised venturi having free sliding fit in said casing and having its smallest inner diameter disposed, at the upper limit of movement, substantially at the nozzle ducts.

6. In combination, an upright cylindrical casing having an upper inlet end and a lower discharge end; a body disposed axially in the casing and provided with an upper downwardly tapered nozzle head, a passage extending below the head having a reduced portion extending up through the head, and nozzle ducts extending from said passage below the reduced portion and cut through the head substantially at its outermost periphery; a fuel supply communicating with said passage; a yieldably raised venturi having free sliding fit in said casing and having its smallest inner diameter intermediately thereof disposed, at the upper limit of movement, substantially at the nozzle ducts; a tubular member snugly received in said reduced portion and extending a distance into said passage and having a lower open end and adapted to communicate with the interior ofthe casing a distance above said head.

'l. In combination, a down-draft casing; a body disposed therein provided with a nozzle head, a

passage below the head, and nozzle ducts extendv ing from said passage out substantially laterally of the head;` a `iuel supply for said passage; a tubularmember closed at its upper end and substantially vertically slidable in said head and extending a distance int-o said passage and opening in the passage and projecting above said head and having a closed upper end and a lateral opening closed bythe headwhen the member is lowered; a yieldably raised venturi operatively connected with the tubular member to raise and lower the member with the venturi, and having its smallest inner diameter disposed, at the upper limit of movement, substantially around the nozzle ducts, atrwhich position initial down-draft of air causes air to pass downwardly into the tubular member and force fuel and air therefrom, thereby to raise the fuel level, and discharge fuel and air mixture into the venturi.

8. In combination, ing having an vupper inlet end and a lower discharge end; a body disposed axially in the casing and provided with an upper downwardly tapered nozzle head, a passage extending below the head having a reduced portion extending up through the head, and nozzle ducts extending from said an upright cylindrical cas.

passage below the reduced portion and out through the head substantially at its outermost periphery a fuel supply communicating with said passage; a yieldably raised venturi having free sliding lt in said casing and having its smallest inner diameter intermediately thereof disposed, at the upper limit of movement, substantially at the nozzle ducts; a tubular member slidably ireceived in said reduced portion and operatively connected to the venturi and extending a distance into said passage and having a lower open end and adapted to communicate with the interior of the casing just above said head.

9. In combination, a cylindrical cas g having an upper inlet'end and alower discharge end; a body xedly disposed longitudinally in, and spaced from, the casing and provided with an upper nozzle head, a passage extending below the head and having a reduced portion extending through the top of said head, and nozzle ducts extending from said passage out through the head substantiallyat its periphery; a fuel supply communicating with said passage; a venturi having snug sliding movement in said casing and having its smallest inner diameter'disposable below the nozzle ducts; means for yieldably holding the venturi raised; a tubular valve needle snugly slidable in said reduced portion and passage; and means operatively connecting the needle to the venturi to move therewith; intermediate parts of said needle having apertures some opening into said passage and one closed by said reduced portion when the needle is lowered and exposed when the needle is raised.

l0. In combination, a cylindrical casing having an,` open upper inlet end and a lower discharge end; a body i'lxedly disposed longitudinally in and spaced from the casing and provided with a lower chamber, an upper downwardly tapered nozzle head, a passage extending from the lower chainber and having a reduced portion extending through the top of said head, and approximately radial nozzle ducts extending from said passage below the reduced portion out through the 'head substantially at its outermost periphery; a fuel supply communicating with said lower chamber: a venturi having snug sliding movement in said casing and having its smallest inner diameter disposed, at the upper limit of movement, Slightly below the nozzle ducts; means for yieldably holding the venturi raised; a tubular valve needle snugly slidable in said reduced portion and extending through said passage to said lower chamber, and having a lower open end and a closed upper end; and means adjustably securing the needle to the venturi; intermediate parts of said needle having apertures one of which is closed by said' reduced portion when the needle is lowered and exposed when the needle is raised, the other apertures opening into said passage and lower chamber.

nnivfns'rA r'. CIGLIA. LOUIS F. ienLLirrnnst A lil@ liti 

